Whether you love it or hate it, reality television is a staple in the entertainment industry. Aside from accruing big ratings from viewers who like to see “real” people interact on television, reality TV shows are economically lucrative to networks and production studios. They require less money for set building, paid performers, and equipment. And, because of the high ratings the shows garner, the networks make more in advertising money, which then enables the funding of non-reality dramas like Law & Order, House, and Modern Family. This article outlines a history of reality TV and how it went from a few programs to taking over the silver screen.

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The Early Years
Before it was ever called reality television, the first shows that focused on nonscripted people and situations started earlier than the 1990s. Candid Camera, Alan Funt’s practical joke show that debuted in 1948, is now considered the first show with a reality premise.
In 1973, PBS debuted its first “reality” show, An American Family. This show followed a loud family living in Santa Barbara, Calif., in a 12-part series. The show explored subjects like divorce and homosexuality, which were typically not broached on national television. The show was successful, drawing more than 10 million viewers.
In 1989, a new show emerged that quickly became a cult classic that showed real police officers fighting crime throughout the United States. COPS debuted March 11, 1989, and was considered groundbreaking television.

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The “Official” Beginning of Reality
A common belief is that, in 1992, MTV aired the first unscripted television show. Although at the time, those words were never even used to categorize The Real World. This show was the first to put 7 college-aged strangers in a house to “stop being polite and start getting real.” The series took place in cities throughout the United States including cities like Los Angeles, Seattle, San Francisco, Boston, Miami, and many other urban areas.
MTV took the success of The Real World on the road in 1995 with Road Rules. This show also gathered together young strangers, but put them in an RV to travel across America, following a set of clues to find the grand prize. Road Rules began the long trend of reality shows that put contestants on a mission that ended with a prize for the winner.

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Reality TV: Adventure Style
Almost a decade after The Real World, Survivor, the first network megahit reality show, debuted in 2000 and officially gave reality television its place in the spotlight. The show chronicled normal people on a desert island fighting to survive and remain. At the end of each show, contestants (and viewers) were on the edge of their seats waiting to see who would be voted off the island. The winner received a $1 million grand prize. Survivor became a huge success that began the endless stream of reality shows and was soon followed by another hit, Big Brother.
Fox gave reality TV a try in 2001 with Boot Camp, which put 16 civilians in a military boot camp to see who would survive the longest. Contestants were put through drill instructions and missions. After being sued by Survivor creator Mark Burnett, the show only lasted 1 season.
The next big adventure-type reality show to hit the airwaves was one of the most popular, The Amazing Race, which became a fan favorite even though it only garnered approximately 10 million viewers per week.

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Reality Goes Talent
After the commercial success of Survivor, Big Brother, and The Amazing Race, networks and producers began looking for even more ways to profit off the reality television phenomenon. They found it with the beginning of talent reality shows.
Fox led the pack with the hugely successful American Idol, which debuted in summer 2002. During the season finale, 50 million viewers tuned in to see which young singer would become the nation’s first American Idol. The show sparked a series of new reality competition shows including America’s Next Top Model (2003), Last Comic Standing (2004), Dancing With the Stars (2005), America’s Got Talent (2006), and So You Think You Can Dance (2006).
Donald Trump took on reality television with The Apprentice in 2004. Rather than showcasing talent by singing and dancing, The Apprentice put young business people and entrepreneurs in teams to compete against each other in real-life business situations. The losing team had to join Donald in the boardroom where someone was fired each week, similar to Big Brother and Survivor.

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Romance and Celebrities Meet Reality TV
Reality television would not be complete without a bit of romance thrown in. Fox took the 1st leap into reality romance with Who Wants to Marry a Multi-Millionaire?, in which 50 women competed for the chance to marry a multimillionaire. What followed was Temptation Island, The Bachelor, The Bachelorette, and Average Joe.
Celebrities (especially those who needed a jump start to their career) were next in line for reality television success. Starting the trend was Ozzy Osbourne and his family in MTV’s The Osbournes, which premiered in March 2002. After the success of The Osbournes was realized, all celebrities seemed to break loose. MTV launched Newlyweds: Nick and Jessica (2003), featuring Jessica Simpson and Nick Lachey. The show chronicled their lives as newlyweds, hoping to show how this celebrity couple could lead a “normal” life.
Up next was Fox’s The Simple Life with Paris Hilton and Nicole Richie traveling the country doing their daily routines. The show made them some of the most well known stars of the time. The Anna Nicole Show followed the former Playboy girl as a single mother, and soon after, The Surreal Life took the Real World concept a step further by bringing a group of celebrities together to live under one roof. The VH1 channel soon became the hub of nearly all celebrity reality television shows.

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The Reality Makeover Movement
After celebrities and dating, networks – especially cable channels like TLC and Discovery – began hosting a huge group of reality makeover-type shows. Trading Spaces, While You Were Out, Clean Sweep, Extreme Makeover: Home Edition, A Makeover Story, What Not to Wear, Queer Eye for the Straight Guy, Pimp My Ride, and The Biggest Loser were just some of the most popular makeover-reality shows.
Cable networks also took makeover to the family life with shows like Supernanny, Wife Swap, Nanny 911, and Secret Life of a Soccer Mom, as well as showing viewers a different side of family with Little People Big World, Jon and Kate Plus 8, and the Real Housewives series.

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Reality television has come a long way since the inception of COPS and The Real World. While reality shows were once thought to be a trend, nothing illustrates, “I’m here to stay” more than when the category of Best Reality TV Show Host was added to the Emmy Awards in 2008.